RV Solar Panel (Roof Mounted PV)
A photovoltaic module fixed to the roof of the RV that converts sunlight into direct current and feeds the service battery through a charge controller. Typical panel power in RVs is in the 100–200 W range, and the daily output varies markedly with the season, shading and panel angle.
The panel is not connected directly to the battery; there is always a charge controller in between. The controller both applies the charge profile and prevents reverse current through the panel at night. The open-circuit voltage of the panel is above the battery voltage, and this difference determines the choice of controller type.
Sizing is done on the basis of the daily energy balance. First the daily Ah consumption of the loads is added up, then an estimate is made of how many effective hours the panel can produce per day in that season. In the summer months this value is typically of the order of a few hours; in winter it falls markedly. Fixed flat roof mounting further limits the output, since angle optimisation is not possible.
In an RV a solar panel is well suited to putting back during the day the share spent by short-duration loads such as levelling and the pump. It is not enough, however, to cover heater-type loads run through an inverter. When choosing the panel's position on the roof, keeping away from shade-casting elements such as the air conditioner, the ventilation vent and the antenna is decisive for output.
Context in which this term is used: Solar plant panel soiling and robotic cleaning